Compass - ' Ground Navigation '

Compass - ' Ground Navigation ' - is a tool of the signposts. The compass itself is already known since 900 years ago is proven by discovering the ancient compass used Chinese fighters around the year 1100 m. due to the nature of the magnetic traits. then the needle compass always points north and South direction (if it is not affected by the existence of the other magnet styles besides the earth magnet).

a Compass

The direction of the Compass needle is the magnetic north pole of the Earth that is located does not coincide with the Earth's the North Pole, roughly Northern Boothia peninsula in Canada, about 1400 miles or about 2250 km. But for the purposes of practical, North of the map, the compass and the North actually North/magnetic are considered equal.

According to usability and functionality the compass is grouped into three types, namely:

1. Orientation Compass , i.e. the type of Compass used for orientation on a journey (orienteering). For example, silva compass .
2. Viewfinder Compass , i.e. the Viewfinder used to snap the object as well as the direction we will go through. For Example, Prism Compass
3. Geological compass, i.e. compass used to determine the direction and slope of the geological work.

Compass Parts include:

Geological Compass

1. Agency/Body Compass i.e. the place of the attached to components of the compass.
2. The Compass needle always pointed North-South position, however (with the proviso is not affected by magnetic fields and the needles are not obstructed cycle all its.)
3. The compass scale, showing the Division of the degree system of the eye of the wind.

How To Use Compass:

• The use of the compass is in principle the most important note is the compass should horizontal, then reading the scale of the map through the line of fisir, while in Compass orienteering (e.g. compass silva) is most important to note is the Northern Compass must be parallel to the North of the map.

Error factors in the corner reading the compass causes of this error include:

1. Because of the collision with hard objects.
2. The liquid contained in the compass jar freezes (times or weather influence), so that the compass needle or disc does not move freely.
3. There was an error index i.e. a pointer compass readings scale index is not a straight line with signposts reading.
4. The line of the signposts reading is not a straight line with pisir/hairline a sharp object.

Things to look for in-use of the Compass:

1. Turn away from objects that contain a metal such as gold/machetes, knives, scissors, Victorinox, etc.
2. Keep away from electronic items such as watches, TV, walkman, etc.
3. Fellow compass banned each other

Techniques Use Compass

• Before entering on a map, compass needs to know is the Azimuth and Back azimuth. Azimuth is the angle between the magnetic poles of the Earth against targets (corner of the compass) WhileBack Azimuth is the opposite of the Azimuth.

How to practice as follows: If the Azimuth < 180 ° then Back Azimuth = + 180 ° If the Azimuth Azimuth > 180 ° then Back Azimuth =-180 ° Azimuth to facilitate viewing angle on a map can use protractor (Protractor) example protractor (square):